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U.S. Public vs. Private Schools: 2025 Guide

Choosing between public and private schools remains one of the biggest decisions for U.S. families—and in 2025, the landscape continues to shift. This guide offers a fresh look at how public and private K–12 schools compare today, with up-to-date tuition figures, policy trends, and practical insights for students, parents, and educators.

1. Funding & Tuition

Public Schools
Public schools remain tuition-free for in-district students, funded by a mix of local, state, and federal dollars. According to the National Education Association, inflation-adjusted per-student spending for public schools rose to $17,367 in the 2024–25 school year.
Federal grants remain important: in fiscal 2024, the U.S. Department of Education awarded more than $150 billion for K–12 programs, including Title I and special education. ()

Private Schools
Unlike public schools, private schools charge tuition—often depending on type and location. For the 2025–26 school year, the national average private school tuition is about $14,999, with elementary schools averaging $14,018 and high schools averaging $17,954.

In more elite or independent settings, the cost is far steeper. According to Bloomberg, day-school tuition rose to approximately $49,284 in 2025, while boarding schools averaged $73,080 amid inflationary pressures. ()

These costs contrast sharply with public school funding, though public dollars still underpin much of K–12 education.

2. Enrollment & Demographics

Public Schools
Public schools continue to serve the bulk of U.S. students. While charter schools have grown,

Special Education Services in Public Schools: Rights and Resources Explained

Special education services in public schools play a critical role in ensuring that students with disabilities receive the support they need to thrive academically and socially. Federal law requires every district to provide special education services in public schools that meet each child’s unique needs, and parents often navigate a complex system of evaluations, plans, and programs to secure these supports. This guide explains how special education services in public schools work in 2025, outlines student and parent rights, and highlights the most current resources available.

Target keyword used throughout: special education services in public schools.

Understanding the Legal Framework Behind Special Education Services in Public Schools

Special education services in public schools are governed primarily by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, which guarantees eligible students a Free Appropriate Public Education. IDEA requires public districts to deliver special education services in public schools based on individualized needs rather than a predetermined program. Parents can read more about public school rights through resources such as the U.S. Department of Education’s IDEA guidance.

Other laws that shape special education services in public schools include:

• Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

• The Americans with Disabilities Act

• Every Student Succeeds Act requirements for inclusive access

Together, these laws ensure that special education services in public schools remain accessible, equitable, and tailored to student needs.

How Eligibility for Special Education Services in Public Schools Is Determined

Districts must evaluate any student

Adult Education & Community Programs Offered by Public Schools

Adult Education & Community Programs Offered by Public Schools play a critical role in helping adults access new skills, prepare for the workforce, and strengthen community engagement. In communities across the United States, public school districts have expanded these programs to meet evolving economic, social, and technological needs. As districts rethink how to serve learners of every age, Adult Education & Community Programs Offered by Public Schools have become central to local workforce development, family literacy, and lifelong learning.

Public schools already serve as anchor institutions, so extending services to adult learners is a natural evolution of their mission. The following report examines the most common Adult Education & Community Programs Offered by Public Schools, their impact on local communities, and how districts structure programming to support diverse populations. It also highlights 2025 trends in adult learning, blended instruction, and community partnerships.

PublicSchoolReview.com provides additional context about district-level innovation and community outreach initiatives, including how public schools adapt programming to meet local demand. These insights align with the growing interest in Adult Education & Community Programs Offered by Public Schools.

Why Public Schools Are Expanding Adult Education

Adult Education & Community Programs Offered by Public Schools respond to clear economic and social needs. Districts often launch programs to address:

• Gaps in workforce preparedness

• Demand for English language learning

U.S. Public vs. Private Schools: 2025 Guide

The choice between public and private schools remains one of the most consequential decisions for American families. As of 2025, the landscape reflects shifting enrollment patterns, evolving school-choice policies, and significant financial trade-offs. This guide examines the latest trends, costs, and considerations to help parents, students, and educators make informed decisions.

1. Enrollment & Demographics

Public schools continue to dominate the U.S. K–12 system. According to the Learning Policy Institute, about 91 percent of students—more than 49 million—attend one of the nation’s 99,000+ public schools.Private schools, by contrast, number around 29,700 and educate approximately 4.7 million students, or under 9 percent of the total.Private schools are primarily clustered in urban and suburban areas: roughly 83 percent are in or near cities, while only 16.6 percent serve remote or rural regions.
Regarding religious affiliation, about two-thirds of private schools—roughly 66 percent—are faith-based, with Catholic schools forming a large share.

2. Tuition, Funding & Spending

Public schools are funded largely through local, state, and federal tax revenues; they do not charge tuition for in-district students. However, public spending per pupil remains substantial: many districts now average around $14,000–$15,000 per student per year, depending on the state and district.

Private school tuition varies significantly. According to PrivateSchoolReview, for the 2025–26 school year, the national average is approximately $14,999 annually, with elementary tuition averaging $14,018 and

How Public Schools Support Mental Health

In recent years, the importance of mental health in the school environment has become a central concern for educators, parents and students alike. This article examines how public schools in the United States are supporting mental health in 2025, what policy advances and program changes have occurred, where gaps remain, and what parents and educators should look for when evaluating how their school is responding. We also link to resources and related coverage, including our own article platform at BoardingSchoolReview.com for schools with residential components.

1. The Context: Growing Needs, New Pressures

The mental health of children and adolescents has been under increasing strain. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), during 2022-23 nearly 21 percent of children ages 3-17 had ever been diagnosed with a mental, emotional or behavioural health condition.More specifically, 11 percent of children 3-17 had diagnosed anxiety, 8 percent had behaviour disorders and 4 percent had depression.

In the K-12 education context, the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, increased social media use, academic pressure and broader societal stressors have all heightened the urgency. One recent brief notes that in the 2024-25 school year about 18 percent of students used school-based mental health services and 58 percent of schools reported an increase in students seeking such services.In addition, one study published in July 2025 found that nearly one-third of public schools mandate